obesity continues to rise in the United States and the world. Both Leptin from fat cells and insulin from the pancreatic B-cells are in direct proportion to body fat. Obese people have higher of the two hormones than lean people. Recent studies show that another hormone estrogen, also has a similar impact.
For the estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus of rats were destroyed, the female rats ate more food, less energy burned and was obese. Research suggests a link between estrogen and obesity, especially the dangerous accumulation of abdominal fat associated with cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus and certain cancers. The summary was by Deborah J. Clegg, PhD, Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, Obesity Research Center at the University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, the 234th national meeting of the American Chemical Society on 20 August, 2007. Their findings will help scientists to develop new therapies hormone replacement therapy.
Dr. Clegg estrogen wanted to determine the effect of reduced estrogen levels in the brain. It examines the estrogen receptor alpha (ERA) in the hypothalamus, where the brain regulates body temperature, hunger and thirst. They learned that the ventromedial nucleus (VMN) and the arcuate nucleus response to hormones and other signals to control energy intake and expenditure. A gene-silencing technique called RNA interference allowed Dr. Clegg of the closure of the alpha receptors in the VMN of female rats. The estrogen receptors in other regions of the brain were not affected. As estrogen levels fall, so has the metabolic rate and energy levels. The rats quickly became glucose intolerant. During their calorie intake does not change, they gained considerable weight of the abdomen.
Dr. Clegg of the view that the deactivation ERA in the region arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus May, the same effect. There are two groups of neurons in this region. A reduced food intake and the other stimulates it. Estrogen loss in this region May increase both appetite and weight.
In humans, the accumulation of fat in the abdominal area men and women increases their risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and insulin resistance. Young women are against these risks while their weight in their hips and saddlebags. With the onset of menopause, however, is stored body fat in the abdomen and increases the risk of medical complications. By identifying the critical brain regions and estrogen receptors associated with weight gain and energy expenditure, scientists will one day be able to design hormone replacement therapies that will help women avoid many of the risks associated with the onset of menopause.
Wayne Mcgregor has trained as a dietitian in the UK. He also has a diploma in fitness training, and a wealth of experience in teaching different people to burn fat and build muscle. His website provides hundreds of free weight loss articles, sample diets, tools and charts of the nutritional content of common foods.
http://www.weightlossforall.com
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